This publication provides a selection of lessons on Transitional Public Security (TPS) from several past operations: OEF, OIF, Joint Endeavor, Uphold Democracy, and Just Cause/Promote Liberty.  TPS is a military-led effort to restore civil security, protect the civilian population, and maintain public order until the Joint Force is able to transfer that responsibility to a competent authority.

1. Strategic Stability Seminar Key Findings 2. Public Order Management 3. State Building versus Nation Building 4. Why Institutionalize Homeland Civil-Military Cooperation 5. Western Sahara Conflict, MINURSO Options 6. Syrian Refugee Impact on European Heroin Crisis 7.  The Challenges of UN Peacekeeping Operations 8. UN Peacekeeping: The Chicken or the Tiger? 9. Book Review: The Women in Blue Helmets 10. Book Review: Women and the War on Boko Haram

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This lessons learned compendium contains just a sample – thus the title ‘Sampler’ – of the observations, insights, and lessons related to Foreign Humanitarian Assistance available in the SOLLIMS data repository. These lessons are worth sharing with military commanders and their staffs, as well as with civilian practitioners having a peacekeeping or stability operations related mission or function, such as those currently deployed on stability operations, those planning to deploy, the institutional Army, the Joint community, policy-makers, and other international civilian and military leaders at the national and theater level.

What’s Inside! Highlights and working group summaries and findings from the 12th annual Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Training and Education Workshop (PSOTEW) at the U.S. Army War College at Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania.

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This Sampler provides a selection of lessons covering certain complexities & challenges of peacekeeping operations, including: protecting peacekeepers, reducing violence, optimizing robustness, conducting strategic communications, advancing inclusive mediation, managing transitions, and improving environmental impacts.  Along with the lessons, this document also provides annexes with additional insights and resources on peacekeeping.

Multi-Domain Battle (MDB) is an operational concept developed by the U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) that describes ground combat operations against sophisticated peer and near-peer threats. In February 2017, TRADOC published a white paper titled “Multi-Domain Battle: Combined Arms for the 21st Century” to initiate the discussion of MDB across the Army and the Joint Force. TRADOC subsequently published a more detailed description of MDB in “Multi-Domain Battle: Evolution of Combined Arms for the 21st Century 2025-2040” along with the new Army Operations doctrinal series (ADP 3-0, ADRP 3-0, and FM 3-0) in October 2017.1 These documents are designed “promote thought and discussion concerning the methods and capabilities required to confront sophisticated adversaries” as well as “to inform further concept development, wargaming, experimentation, and capability development.

The United States has a compelling national security interest to promote stability in select fragile and conflict-affected states.  Such an operational environment is complex and requires a whole-of-U.S. Government response, coupled with non-governmental and international partners and supported by the affected nation to achieve their own national goals.  Since 1947, the national security system has struggled to handle effectively the range and complexity of the existing global threats and opportunities.

Peacebuilding efforts cannot succeed without the ownership of local stakeholders, but local perspectives are at times obscured at international/national levels.  As such, this Sampler emphasizes the importance of consulting local communities to build sustainable peace.  Lessons focus on practical methods to work inclusively with local communities and institutions around the world, demonstrating a variety of effective tools and techniques to prevent and transform violent conflict.

The issue of the role of Civil Affairs in consolidation activities – across all phases and in particular the human domain – was the main focus of the opening workshop. MG Sonntag noted how timely this event was given how Secretary of Defense James Mattis and National Security Advisor Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster (the 2015 Symposium keynote speaker) see the increased need to consolidate military and security gains into political and civil outcomes.

This monograph Program Management Approach to Stability Operations explores how and why to pursue the integrated program management function as a means to improve the effectiveness of stability operations. Section 1 of the analysis defines a traditional military approach to stability operations and a traditional program management approach. Section 2 juxtaposes stability operations with program management to showcase already-existing similarities. Section 3 applies four program management domains to stability operations to demonstrate potential benefits. Section 4 highlights how the application of program management functions to stability operations is compatible with the interagency approach. Lastly, Section 5 discusses Army Acquisition Corps capabilities that the Army can modify to perform this role.